Utility of adeno-associated viruses to target members of the TGF-β superfamily in prostate cancer therapy

Components of the TGF-β superfamily have been well established in their intricate and multifaceted roles in cancer progression and survival. The TGF-βs have been targeted therapeutically in an attempt to modify complex tumour networks to favour cancer cell destruction. Goals of these therapies are often to attack the “hallmarks” of cancer: characteristics acquired by cancer cells via re-wiring or manipulating existing biological pathways to their survival advantage. Of the multitude of targeted therapies currently available, viral therapies have shown much promise in their efficacy of treatment. This review highlights current viral therapies targeting members of the TGF-β superfamily, with a focus on the strengths and limitations associated with this form of targeted cancer therapy.