Evaluation of Serum Uric Acid, Serum Magnesium and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients for the Risk Factor of Cardiovascular Disease

Background and Objective: Dyslipidemia is one of the common disorders which are seen in most of the diabetes patients, which causes cardio vascular diseases. However, serum uric acid and lipid profiles are considered as the potential risk factor for developing diabetes, hypertension, stroke and cardiovascular diseases. Also the direct association of trace elements such as serum magnesium and hs-CRP in type 2 diabetes has been observed. The aim of the present study is to evaluate serum uric acid, serum magnesium and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients for the risk factor of cardiovascular disease and its comparison with non diabetic subjects.

Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, PIMS, Udaipur. The study included 100 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (both males and females) who were recruited from the institute’s medicine OPD and wards and 100 healthy controls (both males and females) with normal plasma glucose and with no symptoms suggestive of DM were included in the study. All the Biochemical parameters analysis was done on fully automated analyzer-ERBA 360 EM.

Results: The mean values of serum lipid profiles (serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, VLDL, LDL) were compared between healthy controls and patients with type 2 DM, showed highly significant difference in patients with type 2 DM as compared with healthy controls (p<0.001). However, on comparing HDL between healthy controls and patients with type 2 DM, the difference seems to be significant (p<0.05). The mean values of RBS, HbA1c, uric acid and hs-CRP were highly significant in patients with type 2 DM as compared with healthy controls (p<0.001). The mean values of serum magnesium showed significant difference between healthy controls and patients with type 2 DM p<0.05).

Interpretation and Conclusion: The common lipid abnormalities seen during diabetes induce dyslipidemia causing the development of CVD’s among diabetic patients. Also elevated levels of hs-CRP, hyperuricemia, hypomagnesium suggest that it could be a better prognosis for CVD’s and stroke in diabetic patients.