Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Prediabetes

Introduction: Prediabetes is associated with dysglycemia, endothelial dysfunction, obesity and inflammation, placing them at an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with prediabetes by estimation of serum interleukin-6, myeloperoxidase and urine microalbumin and their correlation with fasting plasma glucose and anthropometric measurements.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College Hospitals, Mangaluru between 2014 and 2015.

Methodology: Eighty subjects were categorised into prediabetes and healthy controls based on their fasting plasma glucose values. Anthropometric data (weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio from all subjects were recorded. Interleukin-6 & myeloperoxidase were estimated in serum sample whereas microalbumin was estimated in random urine sample.

Results: The mean anthropometric measurements and cardiovascular disease risk markers (interleukin-6, myeloperoxidase and urine microalbumin) were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in prediabetes group. Myeloperoxidase had significant correlation with fasting plasma glucose (r-0.388) in the prediabetes group. Interleukin-6 and myeloperoxidase also showed a positive correlation with body mass index (r - 0.339, r - 0.327), waist circumference (r - 484, r - 0.493) and waist-to-hip ratio (r - 0.430, r - 0.493) while urine microalbumin did not correlate with fasting plasma glucose and anthropometric measurements in prediabetes group.

Conclusion: This study suggests that prediabetes is associated with central adiposity and have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease.