Artificial Intelligence in Nephrology- Its Applications from Bench to Bedside

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a science of computer stimulated thinking processes and human behaviours, which involves computer science, psychology, philosophy and linguistics. AI helps to access large patients’ datasets which it can acquire and store for further processing. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) combines both medical image and computer image processing to characterise the pathology accurately as well as promptly. The utility of CAD has been evident in many clinical scenarios especially in skin cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer. AI helps to retrieve data on treatment protocols from various clinical trials, develop models based on treatment efficacy, predicts the best treatment protocols and improves patient management. Furthermore, AI has significant impact in the branch of nephrology, where it aids in alerting acute kidney injury (AKI), predicting chronic kidney disease (CKD), accelerating diagnosis and guiding management. While AI medicine is still in its nascent stage, in the future, AI will play a crucial role in clinical practice.