Influence of Soil on Crop Performance and Ecosystem Services: A Review

Globally, the soil has a direct or indirect role in effective and sustainable agricultural production. This is due to the soil's multiple benefits to the creation of food, whether it comes from crops or animals. The pH, organic matter content, and nutritional balance of soils all affect how well they perform as vital life supports and nourishment sources. In addition to supporting a variety of living things and aiding in water regulation, these substrates are essential for sequestering carbon, particularly in light of climate change. But because of climate and human influences, soils are under danger, necessitating proactive resource management techniques. Combating degradation of the soil, which is impacted by things like unsustainable agriculture, deforestation, and inadequate irrigation, is essential to stopping desertification. Sustainable practices like nutrient management and integrated soil fertility management, proper tillage operation, etc. aim to increase crop productivity and improve soil fertility. Management techniques and environmental modifications have the potential to boost sustainability and enhance ecosystem service and help create agroecosystems that are robust to stress, resource efficiency, and climate change.