Obesity: Overview of a Universal Health Conundrum

Obesity is a worldwide health issue which is displaying increasing prevalence trend. World Health Organisation (WHO) has already given it as epidemic status. Many physiological parameters such as Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR) are used for measurement of obesity. This review was written with the aim to give an inclusive picture of current prevalence of obesity along with discussing the physiology and function of different adipocytes and the numerous chemical messengers released by them. The manifold impact of obesity on various body systems can be elucidated by exploring the adipocytes, adipokines, its functions and signalling mechanism. The adipokines enlist as key players in numerous systemic diseases. Obesity has a significant pathophysiological role in morbidity and mortality causing conditions globally. Obesity can potentially be the leading reason of economic burden on global healthcare, adversely impacting the comprehensive quality of life. This review is an effort to provide a better understanding of the current obesity status and emphasise further researches on its diverse aspects.