An Epidemiological Study of Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi - A from Clinical Samples in Dhaka City

Aims: Typhoid fever is a serious bacterial disease caused by Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi.

Study Design: The objectives of this study is to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi isolated from adults and children presenting with symptoms at different hospital in Dhaka from 1st September-31st December 2013.

Materials and Methods: The antibiotic susceptibility of 106 clinical isolates collected from blood samples was identified. Susceptibility pattern was tested by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using 8 regularly used antibiotics. The patients were categorized in different 9 age groups. Data analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 10.0).

Results: A total of 1178 blood samples were analyzed in this study. Among which 106 showed positive result, 9% patients were ill, the causative agents-Salmonella typhi was found to be most prevalent (73.58%) followed by Salmonella paratyphi (26.42%). Result of the susceptibility test showed that the isolates were resistant to antibiotics; Nalidixic Acid and Azithromycin (79.49%) and 62(79.49%) for S. typhi isolates, 27(96.43%) and 27(96.43%) for S. paratyphi isolates respectively.

Conclusion: Our study revealed high prevalence of and (100%) of MDR Salmonella isolates. This is a serious health problem in the region under study and should be prevented by some effective measure such as eating safely prepared foods and get vaccinated (Ty21a) are recommendable for the treatment of typhoid fever in this community.