ICU COVID-19 patients with bacterial and fungal super-infections in Saudi Arabia
March 2023
Bacterial and fungal infections in COVID-19 patients were reported all over the world. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal superinfections in COVID-19 positive patients between April 2020 and December 2021. This research included patients admitted in a specialized medical center in Saudi Arabia. A total of 2643 patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 via reverse...
Molecular cloning and functional research in drug-resistance of transposase gene in Burkholderia pseudomallei
March 2023
Transposons are widely used in genetic engineering research and play an essential role in microbial drug resistance research. Transposase is the key to constructing efficient transposons, but no studies have reported transposons in Burkholderia pseudomallei. In this study, a new transposase gene was cloned and identified from HNBp001 isolated from Hainan province. Blast and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the...
Aflatoxins contamination in raw and roasted cashew nuts in Mtwara, Tanzania
March 2023
The aim of this work was to determine the contamination levels of raw and roasted cashew nuts sold in Masasi and Newala districts of Mtwara region in Tanzania. A total of 60 samples including 40 roasted (24 samples from Newala and 16 from Masasi) and 20 raw samples (12 from Newala and 8 from Masasi) were collected. Determination of total aflatoxins levels in raw and roasted cashew nuts samples was carried out by immune...
The role of effector Ssc1 in Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum and pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea in the early infection stages
February 2023
In this experiment, the action mechanism of the gene Ssc1 was studied in the process of interaction with plants through heterologous expression, subcellular localization and fluorescent PCR technology. It was found that the gene Ssc1 could enhance the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea through heterologous expression. Fusing the promoter, SP and CTP of Ssc1 with GFP and expressing in tobacco, it was found that the...
Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Enterococcus species isolated from cows with clinical mastitis and from bulk milk tanks in Brazil
February 2023
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been reported as a major hazard to human and animal health, causing problems like clinical mastitis in dairy cattle and nosocomial infections in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro microbial susceptibility profile of enterococci isolated from dairy farms in São Paulo and Minas Gerais states, Brazil. A total of 310 samples of Enterococcus species...
Phenotypic characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Klebsiella isolates from Rattus rattus captured at university of Abuja metropolis
February 2023
The aim of this study is to phenotypically characterize Klebsiella isolates from rats. A survey was conducted on 100 swaps samples obtained from captured house rats in University of Abuja main campus from May to August 2021. Isolation and identification of the Klebsiella species was done using conventional cultural and biochemical techniques. Of the 100 samples analyzed,...
COVID-19 and pregnancy: Investigation of serological markers and associated factors
February 2023
COVID-19 is a major public health emergency that has recently shaken the world. Pregnant women have not been spared from this pandemic. Although there is no clinical difference between them and the general population, pregnant women are at increased risk of developing severe forms and pregnancy-related complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and to...
Evaluation of diagnostic tests for plague in Madagascar
January 2023
Madagascar is the country that reports the most cases of plague in the world. This is an evaluation study of plague diagnosis over a 2-year period from January 2017 to December 2018. For all suspected plague cases, peripheral RDT (performed locally), central RDT (performed in the laboratory) and PCR were performed. Parameters of the diagnostic tests used, year of study, performance and study of concordance between tests...
Molecular characterization of multiple antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from selected hospital fomites and hands of health care workers in Ondo, Nigeria
January 2023
The study reported the molecular characterization, antibiotic susceptibility profile and the nature of resistance genes in the multiple antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from selected hospital fomites and hands of health care workers in Ondo, Nigeria. Various fomites and hands of health care workers were swabbed for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each sample was cultured separately on...
Bacterial communities associated with the surfaces of the fresh fruits sold around Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and their anti-microbial profiles
January 2023
Fresh fruits are popular sources of healthy diets with low energy density. Since they are consumed raw, it may act as a source of foodborne disease and a reservoir for antibiotic-resistant organisms. This study aimed to determine microbial prevalence among the fruits sold around hospital along with antimicrobial profiles. Thirty-five different types of fruits were bought from around Dhaka Medical College and Hospital...
Diversity and microbiological quality of fruit juices produced in southern Benin
January 2023
The fruit juice production sector is growing rapidly in Benin's major urban centers and appears to have enormous hygienic insufficiencies. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the microbiological quality of the different fruit juices produced in southern Benin. The methodological approach to the first objective consisted of a semi-structured survey coupled with direct observations of fifty enterprises produced...
Molecular analysis of zoonotic pathogens observed in Thryonomys swinderianus (Marsh cane rat) in the city of Daloa in Center Western Côte d’Ivoire
December 2022
Bush meat is a source of food and income for many people in Center Western Côte d’Ivoire. However, it can have adverse effects on the health of the population when food safety practices are not respected. The assessment of the health risk associated with the consumption of bush meat was carried out on 17 faeces samples of Thryonomys swinderianus (marsh cane rat) collected in the city of Daloa in Center...
Characterization of tannase-producing bacteria in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.Walp)
December 2022
Bacteria populations isolated from Cowpea were screened on tannic acid agar medium and determined by zones of hydrolysis after 48 h of incubation at 35°C with three bacteria isolates with isolate codes; DVN 5, DVN 8 and DVN 17a, identified as Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sp. respectively observed as having the highest zones of hydrolysis and subjected to further screening. Tannase...
Performance of the PanbioTM COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test in a health care setting in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
November 2022
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the PanbioTM Covid-19 Ag Rapid Test (Abbott) in a medical center in Ouagadougou. The PanbioTM COVID-19 Ag test was evaluated from January 26 to March 31, 2021 in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in the medical Centre of Kossodo. A total of 268 individuals were tested by both SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, and antigen RDT. Of these 268 individuals, 52 were positive and 216 were...
Antimicrobial properties of Moringa Stenopetala seed oil
November 2022
Moringa stenopetala is a multipurpose tree with considerable economic and social potential as it has vital nutritional, industrial, and medicinal applications. The study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of M. stenopetala seed oil against pathogenic microorganisms. M. Stenopetala seeds were collected from three locations (Damba Gofa, Shelle, and Konso) and extracted using two different solvents...
The effect of organic soil amendments on stalk rot of maize caused by Fusarium verticillioides
October 2022
The effect of 3 organic soil amendments viz., cassava peel (Manihot esculenta, Cranz), sawdust (Gmelina arborea, Roxb) and leaves of (Cedrela odorata, L) on the stalk rot of maize (Zea mays L.) caused by Fusarium verticillioides was investigated. Fourteen treatments made up of single or combined treatments with pathogenic or non-pathogenic inoculation of concentrations 3:1, 2:2 and 1:3 were added to 15.8 g sterilized...
Microbiology spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogen from ready-to-eat sliced pineapple and water melon
October 2022
This study was conducted to examine microbiological quality and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogen of ready to eat sliced pineapple and water melon. Pineapples and water melon were purchased from three different vendors in Sango, University of Ibadan and Apete markets. Isolation and identification of pathogens were carried out using culture dependent method, morphological and biochemical characterization,...
Regulation of the bE and bW genes in Sporisorium scitamineum using silver nanoparticles synthesized with Carissa spinarum extract
October 2022
Sugarcane smut is caused by the fungus Sporisorium scitamineum. It is a disease of economic importance in the sugarcane industry because it can cause losses that can lead to total crop failure. Bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles have been found to possess antimicrobial properties, yet they have not been explored against S. scitamineum. Optimization of the mixtures using ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showed...
Antifungal activity of essential oil-based formulations used in corn preservation in Burkina Faso
October 2022
Fungi and their toxins have an impact on the hygienic standards and market value of corn (Zea Mayas L.) in Burkina Faso. Though effective, other pesticides have been shown to be harmful. This study aims to aid in the management of corn diseases by assessing the effectiveness of bio-fungicide formulations. In this study, the blotter method was used to assess the antifungal activity at doses of 0.5% (5 g/kg) and 1% (10...
Comparison of modified Ziehl Neelsen staining technique with antigen detection using ELISA in the diagnosis of Cryptosporidiosis at a tertiary hospital in North-Western Nigeria
September 2022
Cryptosporidiosis is a diarrhoeal disease caused by Cryptosporidium species. It has become a more recognised pathogen especially in immunocompromised patients. It is an important opportunistic infection responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and AIDS patients. The main aim of this study is to compare microscopy using modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) with ELISA in the...
Fungal colonization of air-conditioning systems and indoor cultivated plants and its relation to human health
August 2022
Fungi have been implicated as quantitatively the most important bio-aerosol component of indoor air associated with contaminated air-conditioning systems and soil of indoor cultivated plants. The objectives of this study were not only to assess the level of fungal contamination in the filter dust of air conditioning systems and soil of indoor cultivated potted plants present inside homes, offices and hospitals for one...
Microbiological characterization of traditionally fermented food in southern Mozambique
August 2022
Traditionally fermented foods are source of income and improve quality of diets in rural communities. In Mozambique there are several locally fermented foods, however little is known about fermentation technology and microbial composition. This study aimed to determine physico-chemical parameters and the microbial diversity of traditionally fermented foods in Mozambique. Samples of ucanhi, maheu, massi and rhali were...
In vitro antibacterial activity of mixed Garcinia buchananii B. and Curcuma longa L. ethanolic extracts against Streptococcus pneumoniae
July 2022
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia. In children, 22% of the deaths are due to pneumonia as the single leading cause of death. The local people in Uganda use herbs like Curcuma longa Linnaeus and Garcinia buchananii Baker to manage upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). The ethanolic extracts of the C. longa rhizome and G. buchananii stem bark have individually...
Emergence of Diarrhoeagenic Klebsiella pneumoniae Carrying astA and senB genes in Nigeria
July 2022
Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasingly being isolated from the stool of Nigerian patients. K. pneumoniae was isolated from stool samples submitted to two clinical laboratories in Nigeria from patients presenting with various symptoms of gastrointestinal tract infections, including diarrhoea. The authors characterized the virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of these K. pneumoniae strains. Sixteen pure cultures of...
Biosorption of heavy metals using bacterial isolates from e-waste soil
July 2022
The discharge of untreated wastes containing heavy metals into the environment is a challenge to living cells, and in the search for treatment method, biosorption has been an economical and easy technique for heavy metals removal. This study was carried out to determine the biosorption capacity of bacterial isolates from electronic wastes soil. The isolates from e-waste soil were screened and selected for heavy metals...
Antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolates from ward environment of a hospital in Tema, Ghana
June 2022
Community and hospital-acquired antimicrobial resistance is on the increase worldwide and threatens the ability to treat patients effectively. This can result in high levels of morbidity and mortality from microbial infections. Susceptibility patterns help track microbial resistance potentials in order to enhance antibiotic prescription and use. The susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi...
Biodegradability of polystyrene plastics by bacterial isolates from plastic composted waste soil and molecular characterization of plastic degrading bacterial isolates
June 2022
This study examined the biodegradability of polystyrene (PS) plastics. Soil samples were collected from Oluku Community in Egor Local Government Area, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Heterotrophic bacteria were enumerated and screened for PS degradation potential. Plastics degrading potential of the isolates was determined by Shake Flask method, degradation of PS plastics was determined by analyzing the formulated PS...
Aflatoxins B1 contamination levels in maize and awareness of aflatoxins among main maize stakeholders in Chemba and Kondoa Districts, Tanzania
June 2022
Maize (Zea mays) is the staple food for the majority of people in Tanzania which plays a key role in subsistence and a cash crop among actors of the maize value chain. Environmental factors such as soil contamination by fungi, water stress, warm and humid conditions are among several factors contributing to fungal growth and aflatoxins contamination in maize, leading to significant economic loss, reduced household...
Antibiogram and multidrug resistant pattern of Escherichia coli from environmental sources in Port Harcourt
June 2022
Antibiotics are the most successful form of therapeutics developed for the treatment of disease caused by bacteria. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of Escherichia coli and multidrug resistant pattern from environmental sources in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Forty samples were collected from environmental sources including poultry litter, soil, waste water and cloaca. All samples were inoculated onto...
Assessment of handwashing knowledge, attitude and practices among healthcare workers at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania
June 2022
The World Health Organization (WHO) ranks healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) as one of the top ten causes of hospital death worldwide. Hand hygiene is arguably the simplest and most effective way to prevent the transmission of HCAI between one patient to another or from patients to healthcare workers. The practical implementation of hand hygiene depends on the attitude and knowledge of health practitioners regarding...
Bacterial contamination and risk factors associated with naira notes circulating in Polytechnic Campus, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State Nigeria
May 2022
The abused Nigerian currency became an issue of concern recently, when the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) launched a nationwide enlightenment campaign aimed at educating the public on the proper handling of Naira notes. The study investigated the current bacterial contamination of Nigerian currency notes as well as the risk factors associated with it in Polytechnic Community Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria. A total of 32 samples of...
Prevalence and multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli in urinary tract infection cases of HIV patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
May 2022
The study determined the frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-PEc) in HIV-infected individuals with urinary tract infections (UTIs) attending Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA II), and the responses of these bacterial pathogens to colistin, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and ertapenem. Exactly 200 urine samples (mid-stream) were collected from...
Identification of Basidiobolus species from the common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus) and their association with isolates from human basidiobolomycosis
May 2022
The genus Basidiobolus contains large groups of terrestrial fungi including the etiological agents of human gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB). This study aimed to identify Basidiobolus species from the common house gecko and to compare them with human GIB isolates. Gecko and human GIB samples were collected from Muhayil Aseer area, south Saudi Arabia (2017-2019). Isolation of fungi from the gut contents of...
Resistance profile of Staphylococcus strains and detection of the Mec A, Van A and Van B genes in private hospitals in Benin
May 2022
The present study aims to identify the emergence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus resistant to vancomycin and to investigate the presence of Mec A, Van A and Van B genes among Staphylococcus strains isolated from hospital environment. For each type of sample, surface of beds, recyclable material, boxes of rodar, floor and door slats, 53 samples were taken. So, a...
Comparative study of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa
May 2022
A comparative study was carried out to determine the phytochemical components and Euphorbia heterophylla antibacterial activity as well as Vitellaria paradoxaleaf crude extracts on four enteric organisms, namely: Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella Typhi, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli. The clinical isolates of the enteric organisms were subjected to test of antimicrobial susceptibility using technique of agar...
Prevalence of anemia and associated factors in HIV-1 infected children before and after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso: A retrospective study
April 2022
Anemia is a public health problem and has significant adverse health consequences in HIV-infected persons. In Burkina Faso, there are little data on anemia in HIV-1 infected children. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors in HIV-infected children before and after their highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This was a retrospective study that involved a cohort of 151...
Antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from fomites in some day care centres in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
April 2022
This study was conducted by carrying out the isolation, identification and determination of the sensitivity profile to antibiotics in bacteria isolated from fomites in some day care centres in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and twenty-four fomites were collected from selected seventeen day care centers within Ile-Ife. These were cultured on nutrient agar plates incubated at 37°C for 24 h using...
Isolation and identification of phytopathogenic bacteria in vegetable crops in West Africa (Côte D’ivoire)
April 2022
Yield losses in food crops due to plant pathogenic bacteria are significant and increasing over the years. The increasing losses caused by bacterial plant pathology are explained by the emerging resistance of bacteria to the chemical agents used in plant protection. Moreover, these chemical agents harm the environment through residue accumulation leading to soil pollution and the perturbation of the soil's inner...
Morphological and molecular characterisation of termite species in Taita Taveta County, Kenya
April 2022
The diversity of termites remains obscure despite having seized the equatorial ecological community with numerous effects both environmental and solvent. In the current study, morphology and DNA based techniques were used to appraise the heterogeneity of termites in Taita Taveta County. Soldier termites were arbitrarily fragmented from the five main plant lives in the study region. A dissecting microscope was used to...
Isolation, biochemical characterization and safety screening of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria from spontaneously fermented cereal products from Western Kenya
April 2022
The global demand for non-dairy beverages has sky rocketed especially so during this Covid-19 pandemic for potential health benefits. Development of probiotic strains from fermented cereal and legumes with the ability to grow well and adapt to gastrointestinal conditions at the same time possess high therapeutic ability will be a great achievement. This study aimed at isolating and screening probiotic potential Lactic...
Novel Alleles 8 and 9 Strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides circulating in South East Nigeria and Comparison with Vaccine Reference Strain T1/44
March 2022
Control of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is difficult in Nigeria due to lack of sufficient data. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides is the causative organism of CBPP. This disease is endemic in Nigeria with serious economic impact. This study was undertaken to characterize M. mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm) in cattle in south-east Nigeria using single-locus sequence analysis based on polymorphism analysis of...
Diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated to Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) in Benin
March 2022
Bambara groundnut, despite its attributes in providing protein to human, is facing soil fertility and degradation problems, always leading to little performances. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) constitute a microorganism group used by many researchers to improve productivity of crops in poor soils. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution and diversity of AMF associated to Bambara groundnut in different...
Antibody responses after Oxford AstraZeneca (Covishield) vaccine among healthcare workers in Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
March 2022
Oxford AstraZeneca (Covishield) vaccine is the 1st vaccine administered in Bangladesh to prevent the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The antibody response after 1st and 2nd doses of this vaccine was assessed in health care workers of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Blood sample was collected from healthcare workers (teachers, clinicians and medical staff) after 28 days...
Influence of phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms and phosphate amendments on pearl millet growth and nutrient use efficiency in different soils types
March 2022
Two greenhouse growth trials were performed to assess inoculation with phosphorus (P)-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) in combination with alternative sources of phosphate in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) cultivation: One using sandy soil and the other using clayey soil. The treatments comprised five P sources, with or without inoculation with PSM B119 (Bacillus megaterium) and B2084 (Bacillus subtilis) strains....
Assessment of antiplasmodial and immunomodulatory activities of endophytic fungal metabolites from Azadirachta indica A. Juss
March 2022
This study reported the antiplasmodial and immunomodulatory activities of extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from Azadirachta indica. The extracts were evaluated for potential in-vivo and in-vitro antiplasmodial activity using murine malaria models and microtechnique methods respectively. Immunomodulatory potentials of the extracts were assessed using cyclophosphamide-immunomyelosuppression in mice and...
Cellulolytic activity of bacteria from the gut of termites (Macrotermes michaelseni) from Eldoret and Kakamega
February 2022
Cellulose degrading bacteria in termites are important plant degraders as they play an essential role in digesting cellulose for termites. This study aimed to identify cellulose degrading bacteria in termites (Macrotermites michaelseni) collected from Kakamega and Kapsabet region. Six termites were aseptically crushed in an Eppendorf tube containing distilled water. To distinguish cellulose degrading bacteria from...
First report of Fusarium oxysporum causing root rot of garlic in China
February 2022
In the springs of 2020 and 2021, with a temperature of 15°C, root rot on garlic were widespread in Enshi, Hubei Province, China. Based on micro-morphological and cultural characteristics, the pathogen was identified as a Fusarium sp. Further, based on multilocus (ITS, EF-1α) phylogenic data, the strains were identified as Fusarium oxysporum. Koch’s postulates were thus fulfilled by pathogenicity tests on...
Isolation of potentially pathogenic bacteria from Musca domestica captured in hospitals and slaughterhouses, Khartoum state, Sudan
February 2022
This study aimed to isolate and identify bacterial and parasitic pathogens from houseflies captured in hospitals and slaughterhouses. The present study involved 300 houseflies, of which 150 houseflies were collected from hospitals and 150 from slaughterhouses. Two samples were obtained from each housefly; one sample was obtained from the surface of the housefly, and the second was extracted from the intestine of the...
Profiling of meropenem-resistant bacteria in a river receiving wastewater effluent from a pharmaceutical industrial unit
February 2022
The aim of the present study was to understand the seasonal occurrence and diversity of species of meropenem-resistant bacteria in the Gumuncheon river receiving effluents from a pharmaceutical industry in Seoul, Korea.Water samples were collected from the Gumuncheon river in Kyoung-gi province during winter (January), spring (April), summer (August), and fall (November) of 2018. Water samples were plated in triplicate...
Isolation and in-vitro assessment of antagonistic activity of Trichoderma spp. against Magnaporthe oryzae Longorola strain causing rice blast disease in Mali
February 2022
Pyricularia oryzea (Magnaporthe oryzae) causes blast diseases in rice (Oryza sativa) in Mali. The losses could reach 90% of production during rainy weather conditions. Isolation and characterization of M. oryzae and Trichoderma species were carried out to assess the importance and distribution of the pathogen and antagonist Trichoderma species in rice fields in Sikasso (Mali), and select, in vitro, Trichoderma species...
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